The Battle Of Opium Hill 14 Febuary 1942

Muchi, xnak bukak threads tok history k?

mumuchi wrote:ooooooooooooitttttttttttttttt ni dah lebih tahap tergelincir dah ni....

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Ni bukan tergelincir lagi dah ni..orang suruh bincang pertempuran bukit candu...tapi dah jadi macam orang hisap candu

Ada kaitan la gak kan pasca kjatuhan bukit candu...
ekekekeke

terpulanglah..arkib ni kan forum history..nak buat tajuk baru ka?

mumuchi wrote:terpulanglah..arkib ni kan forum history..nak buat tajuk baru ka?

xda la... ingatkan nak maintain satu arkid khas tok kita nyer research psl history...

nanti aku pikir..tapi buat sementara setakat citer tentang fall of singapore maintain sini ok kut..

Saya minat kisah-kisah lama sejarah ketenteraan terutamanya tentera Malaysia.

Ada ke siapa yang tau samada pahlawan kita yang bertahan di Bukit Candu yang masih lagi kuat dan mampu untuk bercerita tentang pengalaman mereka kalau kita ingin mencari mereka?

Adakah pihak Jepun mempunyai persatuan alumni bagi 18th Crysthanemum Division yang boleh dihubungi? MYMil ada kaki kat Jepun ka?

Paging samurai-sensei. Nippon-goro kudasai.

ini pandangan aku lah...

orang jepun ni susah bercerita kisah lalu...lebih2 lagi orang yang dia tak kenal...orang Jepun jenis pendam dalam hati....keburukannya tak diluahkan bunuh diri...

kalau pergi atas kapasiti individu agak sukar melainkan pergi atas kapasiti media..macam TV3 ke... dan TV3 ada hubungan dengan wakil katakan Fuji Tv atau NHK....

pada aku kalau ko orang dapat pergi melawat Yushukan Museum kat Tokyo dah ok.. macam2 kisah perang di Malaya boleh didapati tapi sebab tak dibenarkan amik Gambar dan Video didalam Hall Museum yang didalam kecuali diluar....cuba 1 hari spend kat masa disitu...banyak yang boleh dipelajari..

ini link dia

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kalau boleh amik gambar dan video kat dalam tu dah lama
ko orang dapat maklumat berharga macam

satu lukisan tentera Jepun di hutan borneo bawa meriam kecik
kelengkapan2 anggota tentera jepun semasa di hutan malaya
banyaklah... aku rasa hampir 15% barang2 didalam tu baik surat ke apa2 ada kaitan dengan Sejarah Tanah Melayu,Singapore dan Borneo

useful info....

satu nak tanya ada ke memoirs 18th Division esp their exploits di Tanah melayu atau Bukit Candu, Temasek.

sori ni diluar pengetahuan den.. tapi kalau ikut wiki ntah cuba baca

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marc_zman wrote:

Gagah Berani 7 Pahlawan Melayu

HAMPIR 70 tahun yang lalu, pada 15 Februari 1942, Singapura telah jatuh ke tangan Jepun semasa Perang Dunia Kedua. Peranan penting anak-anak Melayu dalam peperangan itu tidak dapat dinafikan melalui penglibatan mereka di dalam Rejimen Askar Melayu ketika mempertahankan Tanah Melayu dan Singapura.

Menurut Lt. Kol. Dr. Syed Othman Syed Omar, penulis buku Rejimen Askar Melayu Diraja 1933-1968, walaupun Rejimen Askar Melayu adalah satu pasukan tentera yang masih muda, kecil, tidak pernah diuji dalam peperangan dan diragui kemampuannya, askar-askar Melayu telah berjaya mempamerkan keberanian dan profesionalisme yang cukup tinggi semasa Perang Dunia Kedua.

Anggota Kompeni D daripada Batalion ke-2 Rejimen Askar Melayu menunjukkan tahap profesionalisme yang tinggi semasa pertempuran di Sungai Bakap, Seberang Perai dan di Sungai Batu Pahat, Johor. Mereka telah berjaya melambatkan kemaraan Tentera Jepun dan membolehkan pihak British berundur ke Singapura.

Anggota Kompeni A dan Kompeni C, Batalion Pertama, Rejimen Askar Melayu pula menunjukkan keberanian mereka mempertahankan kubu mereka di Pasir Panjang dan Bukit Chandu sehingga ke titisan darah terakhir.

Umum tentu mengetahui tentang legenda keberanian Leftenan Muda Adnan Saidi daripada Batalion Pertama, Rejimen Askar Melayu (The Malay Regiment) yang terkorban mempertahankan Singapura daripada serangan Tentera Jepun pada 14 Februari 1942. Allahyarham diangkat menjadi ikon pahlawan negara yang disanjungi rakyat jelata melalui penulisan buku dan juga filem.

Semangat juang dan profesionalisme yang ditunjukkan oleh askar-askar Melayu semasa Perang Dunia Kedua telah berjaya menghakis tanggapan negatif pihak British bahawa orang Melayu mampu berdiri sama tinggi dengan askar-askar Komanwel yang lain.

Jeneral A.E Percival mengiktiraf kemampuan askar Melayu dalam kenyataannya: “Parajurit-parajurit yang masih muda dan belum diuji ini telah membebaskan mereka daripada tuduhan bahawa mereka tidak setanding dengan pasukan terbaik di Semenanjung Tanah Melayu apabila mereka membuktikan kekerasan hati mempertahankan Pasir Panjang di puncak peperangan di Singapura. Mereka telah menunjukkan teladan atas keteguhan dan ketahanan yang mana akan menjadi suatu tradisi yang masyhur di dalam rejimen dan memberi inspirasi kepada generasi akan datang.”

Namun begitu, masih ramai tidak mengetahui selepas kejatuhan Singapura, anggota Rejimen Askar Melayu yang telah ditawan oleh pihak Jepun terus menunjukkan profesionalisme ketenteraan yang tinggi.

Apabila mereka ditahan pada 16 Februari 1942, pihak Jepun telah mengarahkan mereka supaya menanggalkan pakaian seragam mereka. Namun, beberapa pegawai Askar Melayu menentang perintah Tentera Jepun itu. Justeru pada 27 Februari 1942, sekitar jam lima petang, salah seorang saksi melihat pegawai-pegawai Askar Melayu itu dilucutkan pakaian seragam mereka dan dibawa keluar daripada tahanan. Mereka dipercayai dibunuh oleh tentera Jepun hanya semata-mata dek keengganan menanggalkan pakaian seragam mereka.

Pegawai-pegawai Rejimen Askar Melayu yang dipercayai dibunuh itu ialah:

* Leftenan Abbas Mohamed Said

* Leftenan Ariffin Hj Sulaiman

* Leftenan Wahid Mat Kidam

* Leftenan Raja Aman Shah

* Leftenan Abdullah Saad

* Leftenan Ibrahim Sidek

* Kapten Yazid Ahmad

Puan Sharifah Khadijah Hamid, isteri kepada Leftenan Ibrahim Sidek dalam satu temuramah pada tahun 2001 memberitahu: “Suami saya dan kawan-kawannya diarahkan oleh Jepun untuk menanggalkan uniform supaya boleh dibebaskan dan pulang ke pangkuan keluarga. Mereka enggan. Malah, mereka enggan menanggalkan lencana pangkat mereka. Seminggu selepas itu, Jepun membunuh mereka. Mayatnya tidak dijumpai. Kami tidak dapat melawat kuburnya.”

Pada 27 Februari 2011, genaplah 69 tahun mereka meninggalkan kita demi mempertahankan ibu pertiwi. Semoga jasa-jasa mereka ini terus dikenang masyarakat. Al-Fatihah.

ISKANDAR ISMAIL

Ampang, Selangor

sumber : arkib Utusan Malaysia 23/2/2011

Bump untuk esok!

I think we should have more historians to write about that part of history yang sangat pahit. Peperangan menentang Jepun di seluruh tanah air termasuk di Bukit Candu. ( Ada juga fierce battles di Slim River dan Muar tapi tak melibatkan Malay Brigade), kehidupan dan kesusahan rakyat di zaman Jepun, apa pekerjaannya, niaga black market cemana dll, resistance movements against Japanese occupation samada dari dalam dan luar negara, Force 136 atau MPAJA atau yang macam dokter kat Perak tu, kisah mereka yang bekerjasama dengan Jepun dan dibawak ke Jepun atau dihantar berperang ke PNG dan Guadacanal.. dan sebagainya. Pasti menarik sebagai bahan sejarah dan peringatan kepada generasi muda belia.

Kajian boleh dibuat dengan juga menghubungi saki baki veterans dari pihak British, Aussie, NZ dan Jepan serta Koreans.

Aku tak pasti pernah ada ke tak gambar ni ditepek....
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Sos kata gambar ni diambil pada 10 Februari 1942, tapi aku rasa lebih masa latihan. Caption dia "Malayan soldiers intent on defending their peninsula charge forward at a Malay battle zone on February 10, 1942, before the Japanese completed their occupation of the peninsula and pushed Britons back onto Singapore Island. (AP Photo)"

penah nampak gambar nie, mungkin training manauver...

Gambar pasukan mortar team di Bukit Candu...

i) Memorial Bukit Candu

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2) Gambar mungkin dr Bukit Candu, Malay regiment mortar team

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Nei mungkin training manauver...

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Jap Landing Forces, at Singapore...

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Light Tank naik rakit tu...

Found this articles...

Battles of Opium Hill

Malay Infantry Uniform at Pasir Panjang, Singapore, WW2...

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:: Malay Infantry

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:: Malay Officer

Brief History About Malay Regiment...

The Royal Malay Regiment

The Royal Malay Regiment or Askar Melayu was formed on 1st March 1933 with an “experimental” unit of 25 Malay recruits under a British officer. It was termed ‘experimental’ because at this stage, it was only an atttempt according to Maj.Gen. G.Bruce, OBE, MC (ret) to “find out how the Malays will react to military discipline.”

The British colonial administrators were reluctant and cautious about arming and training Malays for regular units, partly due to the belief that the Malays, with their laid-back, leisurely temperament and lack of military traditions were unsuitable for strict military discipline. But more importantly, the British were worried that the well-trained and well-armed Malays might be involved in rivalries among Malay chiefs for power and control of the lucrative tin-mining areas which were widespread in the Malay states. It was only in 1933 that the British finally changed their minds mainly because of the high costs of hiring the Burma Rifles from India.

Maj. G. Bruce, a liberal and a wise officer, was appointed by the British to be the first Commanding Officer. Although all military commands were in English, Malay was used widely for instructions. Bruce realised that this arrangement would assist many non-English educated Malays in their learning and it could thus train as many non-commissioned Malay officers to staff the new regiment as possible. British officers from the Commanding Officer downwards were expected to learn Malay and subsequently to know something about Malay customs and the Muslim religion. Maj. Bruce, for instance, took a short Malay language course. In addition, there was also the appointment of a regimental religious teacher in the unit.

Competitions were frequently held to get the best out of the men on parade and in the field. The instructors also aimed at developing in the Malay soldiers a sense of patriotism, a love for their country and loyalty to their rulers. Special attention was paid to food, social recreation and the general welfare of the soldiers.

In keeping the name "Malay Regiment", efforts were made to retain the distinctive Malay character. Maj. Bruce conceived the idea of a Regimental mufti embodying the Malay national dress. He argued that for esprit de corps, British personnel serving in the regiment had to wear the Malay Regiment uniform which would identify them from the onset with the Malay Regiment rather than with their own British units. A regimental badge was created containing the motto: "Ta'at dan Setia" (loyal and true). Three regimental colours were chosen for the regiment - green representing Islam, yellow for Malay royalty, and red for the British army. These unique uniform, motto and regimental colours were well accepted by members of the unit. As expected, the Malay soldiers responded "extremely well" and serious breaches of discipline were rare, according to its Commanding Officer. The high standard of training, sensitive and matured management must have contributed greatly to its special quality.

The Malay soldiers did not take long to prove themselves to be highly disciplined and credible fighting men. On 1st January, 1935, the “experimental” company became The Malay Regiment with a compliment of 150 men. Recruitment speeded up with another 232 recruits, 2 rifle companies were started and a HQ Wing that included a Vickers platoon, a signalling section and a corps of drums. Trained in Port Dickson, Malaya, the regiment also went through a 3-month attachment with the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers in Singapore. In 1936, advanced training for the regiment was carried out in Singapore from 1937 and again in January and February 1938 for drills in battalion and other military exercises. The performance of the Malay Regiment was so impressive that there was a call by the locals to establish a similar regular regiment in Singapore. As the shadow of war loomed larger, training was intensified. Long route marches - No.3 platoon of A company covered a record 104 miles in 4 days, 4 hours and 15 minutes, and exercises at battalion and brigade levels became frequent. The soldiers also began training with mortars and anti-tank weapons. They were also well know for their marksmanship.

The unit remained small until 1939, when it was expanded into the 1st Battalion of the Royal Malay Regiment (Rejimin Askar Melayu DiRaja). On 1st December 1941, some of the trained officers of the 1st Battalion were drafted to form the 2nd Battalion under the command of Lt.Col.F.Y.Young. The Japanese attacked Malaya just one week later. The two battalions formed the 1st Malaya Brigade, and fought on the mainland alongside 44th Indian Brigade.

Brief History About Battle of Opium Hill...

Lim Choo Hoon, a lecturer in Military History Branch, SAFTI Military Institute recounts in his article, The Battle of Pasir Panjang Revisited:

"The first battle between the Malay Regiment and Japanese soldiers occured on 13 February at around 1400 hrs.16 The Japanese 18th Division started to attack the south-western coast along the Pasir Panjang ridge and astride of Raja Road. The Japanese 56th Infantry Regiment, supported by a considerable force of artillery, attacked the ridge during the morning. One of the units defending the line was the B Coy of the Malay Regiment. Under the heavy fire of the Japanese troops supported by artillery and tanks, the B Coy was forced to retreat to the rear. But before all of them could retreat, the Japanese army succeeded in breaking through B Coy's position. In the battle, B Coy troops fought hand-to-hand combat using bayonets against the Japanese. A few from B Coy managed to save themselves while others were caught as prisoners-of-war. This penetration led to the withdrawal after dark of both 44th Indian and 1st Malay Bde to the general line Mount Echo (junction of Raja and Depot Road) Buona Vista.

Battle of Opium Hill

On 14th February, the Japanese again launched a heavy attack at 0830 hours, supported by intense mortar and artillery fire, on the front held by the 1st Malay Bde. The defenders beat off this and a number of other attacks. The fighting included bitter hand-to-hand combat, and losses from both sides were heavy. At 1600 hours an attack supported by tanks eventually succeeded in penetrating the left, and the defenders on this flank were forced back to a line from the junction of the Ayer Rajar and Depot Road through the Brick Works and along the canal to Bukit Chermin. Owing to the failure of units on both its flanks to hold their ground, the 1st Malay Bde withdrew at 1430 hours. It was at this point that C Coy of the Malay Regiment received instructions to move to a new defence positionPt. 226, Opium Hill.

Opium Hill or Bukit Chandu in Malay was named after an opium-processing factory located at the foot of the hill. This was also where C Coy of the Malay Regiment made their final stand against the Japanese attack. Opium Hill was a key defence position for two important reasons. It was situated on high ground overlooking the island to the north; and secondly, if the Japanese gained control of the ridge, it gave them direct passage to the Alexandra area. The British army had its main ammunition and supply depots, military hospital and other key installations located in the Alexandra area.

C Coy's position was separated from D Coy by a big canal. Oil was burning in the canal, which flowed from Normanton Depot. The burning oil prevented C Coy soldiers from retreating further south. C Coy was under the command of CPT Rix, a brave and daring British officer. CPT Rix encouraged the soldiers to defend Opium Hill down to the last soldier. His bravery was exemplified in the battle and he was killed together with many of his Malay Regiment soldiers in the last defence battle at Pasir Panjang.

The Japanese troops pressed their attack on Opium Hill in the afternoon but under the guise of a deception. They sent a group of soldiers, dressed in Punjabi uniforms, passing themselves off as Punjabi soldiers from the British army. C Coy saw through this trick as they knew that the Punjabi soldiers of the British army usually marched in a line of three whereas the Japanese disguised Punjabi soldiers were in a line of four. When the disguised soldiers reached the Malay Regiment's defence line, C Coy's squad opened fire on them with their Lewis machine guns. Some of the Japanese troops were killed and the rest badly wounded. Those who survived rolled and crawled downhill to save themselves.

Two hours later, the Japanese launched an all-out assault in great numbers. The attack overwhelmed the strength of the Malay Regiment. Greatly outnumbered and short of ammunition and supplies, the Malay Regiment continued to resist the Japanese troops. All kinds of arms such as grenades, small arms and bayonets were used by troops of the Malay Regiment. It was reported that 2LT Adnan handled a Lewis machine gun against the Japanese troops. Some soldiers engaged in fierce hand-to-hand combat using bayonets. Yet, they stood their ground frustrating their enemy. In the ensuing battle, men and officers fell. 2LT Adnan was seriously wounded but he refused to retreat and instead encouraged his men to fight to the last. It was this disregard of danger that inspired the coy to stand up gallantly.

Mubin Sheppard, an ex-officer and former POW, had this to say about his friend, the late 2LT Adnan, "He was heavily outnumbered by the Japanese they bombed him but he fought on fiercely and inflicted heavy losses on them. Adnan would have never surrendered under any circumstances. He was absolutely dedicaded. In fact, just before fighting, he adopted a motto for his platoon, "biar putih tulang, jangan putih mata" (death before dishonour).

Corporal Yaakob, who won a Medal of Gallantry after the war, was one of the few who survived Opium Hill. During the chaos of the battle, he fell and landed on top of the bodies of the dead soldiers. He escaped death by lying motionless among the pile of bodies and witnessed the gruesome death of Adnan Saidi. He said that the resistance of the Malay Regiment angered the Japanese, and when they captured 2LT Adnan, they dragged and pushed him into a gunnysack. The Japanese soldiers then hung him by his legs on a cherry tree and then bayoneted him again and again. His throat was slit repeatedly. Even after the battle, no one was allowed to bring his body for burial. No one dared.

Another eyewitness, Burhan Muslim, who had lived along Bukit Chandu, recalled going up the hill with his cousin a few days after the battle. In one of the white bungalows that stood on the hill at Pepys Lane, he saw the dismembered bodies of Malay soldiers everywhere. In one of the rooms laid the body of a Malay soldier. His throat had been slit several times. His uniform was soaked with blood. Judging from the badges he had on his uniform, Burhan believed that he was an officer. He felt that the body could have been that of 2LT Adnan Saidi.

For the entire Malayan Campaign, but largely on 12, 13 and 14 February 1942 in Singapore, the Malay Regiment suffered a total of 159 killed (six British officers, seven Malay officers, and 146 other ranks) and a large but unspecified number wounded.

Conclusion

From a purely military operational perspective, the Battle of Pasir Panjang had little significance. The battle could not change the outcome of the fate of Singapore and it was a matter of time before the British would surrender to the Japanese 25th Army. Those who look at only the tactical significance, however, will miss a very important lesson. The Battle of Pasir Panjang, and the Battle of Opium Hill in particular, manifested the acme of the fighting spirit in battle. In the words of Noel Barber, the author of Sinister Twilight, the Malay Regiment was described thus: "A regular, locally raised unit, commanded by Malay-speaking British officers, it was a living and dying illustration of the folly of not having raised more such local forces before the war in which men could defend what was their homeland."

And as Percival noted, the Malay Regiment: "showed what esprit de corps and discipline can achieve. Garrisons of posts held their ground and many of them were wiped out almost to a man."

The 48-hour Battle of Pasir Panjang put up by men and officers of the Malay Regiment exemplified the highest form of "duty, honour and country" that soldiers can show in war. The courage, bravery, and sacrifice to defend Singapore island despite the foregone defeat of British forces will always remain one of the highlights in the story of the Battle of Singapore."

Jumpa gambar2 kempem "Battle of Malaya & Singapore", mungkin gambar betul @ tmpt len...
 
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Jap tolak artilleri kat Labis
 
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Jap mrentas sungai, di Tanah Melayu
 
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Jambatan roboh kat Labis, Jap myeberang bawah jambatan
 
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Jap berlindung di stesen keretapi, d tanah melayu
 
Jap dekat kawasan bandar, d tanah melayu
 
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Jap meraikan kejayaan dlm kempem "Battle of Malaya & SIngapore"
 
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Gambar beramai2 selepas tandatangan dokumen myerah kalah...

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Krew U-Boat mlawat Singapore selepas ditawan Jap

Gambar India Army kat Malaya pulak...

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:: ARMBAND OF AUXILIARY POLICE USED DURING JAPANESE OCCUPATION

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Mahu hidup masa penjajahan jap perlu surat keamanan...